
Current Issue
Technology: Artificial Intelligence and Beyond
Fall 2025, Volume XXIV, Number 4
Cover Image: Cindy Ramirez
Table of Contents
Editor’s Letter →
by June Carolyn Erlick
Art, Language and History
QR and Tocapus: Visual Communication of the Andes
Connecting the digital present with pre-Hispanic symbols is an opportunity to reclaim these signs and link them with new meanings. As a Peruvian artist and daughter of a Quechua-speaking family (an Indigenous language of the Andes), I began a journey of exploration that helped me understand the importance of textiles in this region of my country.
Technology and Collective Memory: Commemorating the Unidad Popular
The one thousand days of Salvador Allende’s presidency, from 1970–1973, marked a period of political innovation in Chile.
Giving a Soul to AI: When Fiction Illuminates the Ethics of the Present
To better understand the present of artificial intelligence, I decided to travel to the future. I did so through writing a novel, Robots with Soul: Trapped Between Truth and Freedom.
Distance Unknown: Visualizing Migration: A Money Tapestry
Migration is full of distances unknown — how far, costly, mentally and physically straining the journey will be for migrants, as they separate from their home, their country and the family they love.
Ancestral Technology: Inside Colombia’s Hidden Technological Landscape
Luz Marina Burgos’ fingers moved deliberately across the threads, constructing a tšombiach—a ceremonial sash commonly used to protect and strengthen the body.
Endangered Languages in the New Age of AI
Fifteen years ago, while in Mexico City, I stumbled upon the retrospective exhibition Helen Escobedo: A escala humana, a tribute to the artist at the city’s Museum of Modern Art.
Imagining the Future with AI
New Eye on the Universe: Chile’s Vera C. Rubin Observatory and AI
The largest digital camera made to date, comprising 3,500 megapixels, is embarking on a decade-long time-lapse movie of the entire southern sky.
Against the Odds: Latin America’s Quiet Leadership in the Age of AI
Working on Artificial Intelligence (AI) policy in Latin America has been one of the most rewarding and transformative experiences of my professional life.
Half a Life Between Two Futures: Brazil, the United States and the AI Era
This year, I celebrate a milestone: half of my life in the United States. I was born and raised in Brazil, educated as an engineer in Rio de Janeiro, and started my professional career in a country still searching for its democratic footing.
Leading AI Societal Leapfrogging in Latin America: “Iron Man” Exoskeleton for Microeconomic Growth
In my days as an international cooperation consultant in South America, I led a team to study the massive public investments made in traditional infrastructure for Bolivia…
Digital Divides, Silent Bias
The AI-Era Digital Divide: Listening to Mexican Youth Voices
One Mexican teenager admitted in an on-line survey, “To summarize information or conduct research, honestly, it makes my work much faster, but it does worsen my research skills.” She was referring to AI as an educational tool.
Race and Culture: AI Is Not Neutral
For many Latin Americans, “Artificial Intelligence” is El Cuco—the bogeyman. The words evoke imagery of technology enabled monsters from the big screen…
Immigrant Surveillance Machine: A Replay of Eugenic Technologies for Authoritarian Conditioning
The right-wing MAGA’s immigrant surveillance and deportation machine will not end with a focus on immigrants alone. We can see that clearly by looking at the history of eugenic campaigning…
AI, Gender and Power: Rewriting Latin America’s Digital Future
During the 2023 Colombian regional elections, I received a video that appeared to show a female candidate making a controversial statement.
Green Worlds, Agricultural Transformations
Lessons from the Brazilian Cerrado: Technological Achievement and Environmental Challenges
The Brazilian Cerrado— the country’s vast tropical savanna— has gained recognition in recent years as a successful model story in agronomic development and precision agriculture fueled by technology within the tropics.
Green Technological Change: Opportunities and Challenges in Latin America
Latin America is far from being a major contributor to global greenhouse gas emissions. Yet, it is among the most vulnerable in the world to the effects of climate change.
Water Stewardship Is Strategy, Not Philanthropy: A Field Note from Latin America
The first time I sat across from a farmer in rural Latin America, water sat with us too—silent, almost taken for granted.
Book Reviews
A Review of The Years of Blood: Stories of a a Reporting Life in Latin America
Her new book, The Years of Blood, offers, as its subtitle suggests, “stories from a reporting life in Latin America.” A widely decorated journalist, Guillermoprieto has written, in fact, several lives’ worth of reportage on the region. While she began chronicling Latin America in 1978, this volume collects essays published in the 21st century—most after 2010.
A Review of Brazilian Socio-Economic Dynamics: Contexts and Contemporary Realities. Contributions to Economics
Gilmar Masiero’s Brazilian Socioeconomic Dynamics arrives at a critical juncture in the intellectual conversation about Brazil. In an era in which international headlines often oscillate between portrayals of Brazil as an eternal “country of the future” or a nation mired in perpetual crisis, Masiero, a professor of business management at the Universidade de São Paulo (USP), offers a welcome and rigorously argued third path: a blueprint for activating Brazil’s latent “socioeconomic dynamics.” He does that by offering a nuanced perspective that goes beyond economic metrics—he incorporates Brazilian social and political dynamics as forces that have shaped the nation.
A Review of La mirada imperial puesta en Galápagos
La mirada imperial puesta en Galápagos (The Imperial Gaze on the Galapagos), a collection of essays edited by Alberto Acosta, Elizabeth Bravo, Esperanza Martínez and Ramiro Ávila, brings together critical perspectives on the multiple meanings of the islands: ecological, symbolic, territorial and geopolitical. The collection is based on a fundamental premise: to understand the Galapagos beyond an instrumental and human perspective, refocusing on the plurality of the beings who have woven their memories there for thousands of years.
A Review of How to Save the Amazon: A Journalist’s Fatal Quest for Answers
Dom Phillips, 57, was writing an environmentally significant book when he was brutally killed with Bruno Pereira in the Amazon on June 5, 2022. The crime that shocked the world interrupted their lives, their dreams, and his deep commitment to the Amazon. The book, just published, has four chapters and an introduction written by Dom. The manuscript was saved because he had left his computer back home after his last trip. Six dedicated journalists studied his notes, trying to capture his intention, his views and the places he had traveled. The title How to Save the Amazon has the terribly sad subtitle, A Journalist’s Fatal Quest for Answers.
A Review of Coffee Nation: How One Commodity Transformed the Early United States
As something of an old hand in the history of coffee enterprise, I don’t very often discover a new work that so effectively answers questions I’ve had for decades. Michelle Craig McDonald accomplishes this and much more in her multifaceted study of the coffee trade and consumption from the early 18th to late 19th centuries in what became the United States. Beyond this, however, she managed to produce an accessible, engaging text based on deep archival research, a gem for both general readers and scholars in her own field.
A Review of Serial Mexico: Storytelling across Media, from Nationhood to Now
When I was in undergrad at Emerson College, I met a student from Croatia who spoke to me in perfect Spanish. When I asked her how she was so fluent, she predictably told me she’d studied it in school. To my surprise, however, she punctuated her explanation with, “I [also] grew up watching Mexican telenovelas!” It was the turning point at which I began thinking of telenovelas as existing beyond televisions in Mexican households.
A Review of Chile in Their Hearts: The Untold Story of Two Americans Who Went Missing After the Coup
It was 1972, and three young men—one accompanied by his wife— arrived separately in Chile from different points in the U.S. Upper Midwest. None had ever been to the slender, mountainous Andean nation. Like some 20,000 other foreigners who’d also recently traveled there, they were chasing a dream: to be part of the social and economic revolution Chileans had embarked on two years earlier by electing Salvador Allende as their first-ever socialist president, the first socialist leader democratically elected in Latin America.
A Review of The Necromantic State: Spectral Remains in the Afterglow of Venezuela’s Bolivarian Revolution
Death does not always mean an end. In early 2013, Venezuela’s president known as Comandante Hugo Chávez died after struggling with cancer. Having won the 2012 presidential elections—and perhaps anticipating the imminent end of his life before taking office—he proclaimed Vice President Nicolás Maduro as his political successor and publicly urged supporters to vote for him should the electoral process need to be repeated.
A Review of Driving Terror: Labor, Violence, and Justice in Cold War Argentina
In the early winter of 1990, one year into the presidency of Carlos Menem, the Buenos Aires police held a public auction of a small fleet of cars that had long been in their service. Immersed as I was in primary research for the book I was writing on the legacies of repression and torture in Argentina, I was horrified.
A Review of The Ends of Paradise: Race, Extraction, and the Struggle for Black Life in Honduras
Christopher Loperena’s book, aptly titled the Ends of Paradise, brings forth sharp analysis of the threats to Garifuna life in Honduras through what he calls a “racialized extractivisim” (13) that involves land theft supported by the state, state-developed tourism and appropriation of culture by the mestizo nation.
A Review of Liberating Spiritualities
As the director of a doctoral program in spirituality, colleagues and students often ask me if I have any recommendations for articles or books they should read. Because the field of spirituality is a new one in academia, fresh research is always emerging. This year, my number one recommendation is Chris Tirres’ new book, Liberating Spiritualities.